LET'S LOOK AT ENGLISH

PERFECTS - PRESENT, PAST, FUTURE
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LET'S LOOK AT PERFECTS - PRESENT, PAST AND FUTURE

PERFECTS ARE VERBS WHICH CONNECT TWO DIFFERENT TIME ZONES TOGETHER. 
 
PRESENT PERFECT - connects the past to the present
 
PAST PERFECT - connects the distant past to the past - or in my words "double past"
 
FUTURE PERFECT - talks about the time leading up to a point in the future.
 
 
 
 

PAST PERFECT - had + V3
 
Past simple:- He got up, got dressed, had breadfast and went to school where he met his friends.   Here one action follows another.
 
Past perfect:- When he got into class he realised he had forgotten to bring his homework which he had done the night before.
 
When did he forget?  When did he realise he had forgotten?
 
He realised he had forgotten - DOUBLE PAST - two actions in the past one prior to the other.
שתי פעולות בעבר - אחת קודמת לשניה
 
He told the teacher he had forgotten his homework. The teacher said this was the third time he had forgotten his homework.  He emphasised that he had done his homework and said he would bring it to the teacher the following day to show him.
 
Examples
She said she had remembered to bring his book.
He said he had forgotten to bring hers.  She was angry.
 
Mum asked if I had already seen the film. I said that I had seen it and I wasn't interested in seeing it again.
 
Dad wanted to know if they had been warned.  I replied that I had warned them there would be trouble if the work wasn't finished in time.

PRESENT PERFECT - have/has + V3
 
Present perfect is an action in the past connected to the present.
 
פעולה בעבר שקשורה לעכשיו, המשיכה עד עכשיו או בזמן לא מוגדר
בעבר
 
 
just, already, yet
 
Examples
הוא הלך עכשיו - He has just gone
הפועל בעבר אבל אנחנו אומרים עכשיו
הוא כבר הלך - He has already gone
הוא כבר הלך? - Has he gone yet?
הוא עוד לא הלך - He hasn't gone yet.
 
Yet is used for negatives and questions.
 
since, for
 
Examples
We have lived in Arad for ten years.
 המילה מדברת על תקופת זמן שהתחילה בעבר והמשיכה עד עכשיו
 
We have lived in Arad since 1997.
המילה מדברת על פעולה מתאריך או זמן ספציפי עד עכשיו
 
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE have/has + been +ving
We have been working for half an hour.
We have been working since this morning.
 
latetly, recently
 לאחרונה - תקופה שהתחילה בעבר והמשיכה עד עכשיו
 
Examples
1.  She has missed a lot of school recently.  She hasn't been feeling well lately.
2.  He has done well recently. He has been working hard lately.
3.  Where have you been lately?  We haven't seen you for a while. 
4.  I have been very busy lately.  Recently our business has been expanding so I have spent more time than usual in the office.

 
 
PRESENT PERFECT QUESTIONS
 
We use present perfect constantly on a daily basis when asking questions about an action which we want to know if it has been completed.  We are not interested in when it was done but whether it has been done and completed.
 
An English home - a typical conversation between mother and teenage son and daughter.  See if you can find all the present perfects in this passage.
 
Mother: Hi Kids.  Have you washed your hands?  Come to the table.
Sue: Hi Mum.  I've just finished my room, I'll be there in a minute.
Mother: Tony, have you washed your hands.
Tony: I haven't had time.  I'm still busy painting.
Mother: We are waiting for you.  (Kids arrive and sit down)
Mother: What have you been doing today Sue?
Sue:  We've been very busy with our volunteer work in town.
Mother: And what have you done today Tony?
Tony: (trying to rub the paint off his hands without his mother noticing)  I have been trying to finish my painting project for school.
Sue:  Haven't you finished it yet?  You started it last week.
Mother:  It has taken him longer than he expected.
Tony: (very proud of his project) It has been growing and growing so its now much bigger than I planned.
Mother:  Have you two done your homework yet?
Sue:  I'll do mine soon.
Tony: I started but I haven't done it all yet. (After the meal)
Mother:  You haven't put your things away, and you haven't done your chores.  You'd better hurry.  Have you seen the cat?  She hasn't been home all morning.
Sue:  Have you phoned the doctor for an appointment?
Mother:  No I forgot.  I'll do it right now. 
 
 

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BELIEVE IN YOUR ABILITY AND NEVER GIVE UP
GRAB HOLD OF AN IDEA AND FLY WITH IT
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